User Guide
Page 3
... guide viii RAMPAGE V EXTREME specifications summary OC Panel specifications summary xv Package contents xvi Installation tools and components xvii Chapter 1: Product Introduction 1.1 Special features 1-1 1.1.1 Product highlights 1-1 1.1.2 ROG Unique Gaming Features 1-2 1.1.3 ROG exclusive features 1-3 1.1.4 ASUS special features 1-5 1.1.5 ROG rich-bundled software 1-6 1.2 Motherboard overview 1-7 1.2.1 Before you proceed 1-7 1.2.2 Motherboard layout 1-8 1.2.3 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1-10 1.2.4 System memory...
... guide viii RAMPAGE V EXTREME specifications summary OC Panel specifications summary xv Package contents xvi Installation tools and components xvii Chapter 1: Product Introduction 1.1 Special features 1-1 1.1.1 Product highlights 1-1 1.1.2 ROG Unique Gaming Features 1-2 1.1.3 ROG exclusive features 1-3 1.1.4 ASUS special features 1-5 1.1.5 ROG rich-bundled software 1-6 1.2 Motherboard overview 1-7 1.2.1 Before you proceed 1-7 1.2.2 Motherboard layout 1-8 1.2.3 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1-10 1.2.4 System memory...
User Guide
Page 4
... setup 3.1 Knowing BIOS 3-1 3.2 BIOS setup program 3-2 3.2.1 EZ Mode 3-3 3.2.2 Advanced Mode 3-4 3.3 My Favorites 3-6 3.4 Main menu 3-7 3.5 Extreme Tweaker menu 3-9 3.6 Advanced menu 3-28 3.6.1 CPU Configuration 3-29 3.6.2 PCH Configuration 3-32 3.6.3 PCH Storage Configuration 3-33 3.6.4 System Agent Configuration 3-35...42 3.6.10 ROG Effects 3-42 3.7 Monitor menu 3-43 3.8 Boot menu 3-47 3.9 Tool menu 3-53 3.10 Exit menu 3-55 3.11 Updating BIOS 3-56 3.11.1 EZ Update 3-56 3.11.2 ASUS EZ Flash 2 3-57 3.11.3 ASUS CrashFree BIOS 3 3-58 3.11.4 ASUS BIOS ...
... setup 3.1 Knowing BIOS 3-1 3.2 BIOS setup program 3-2 3.2.1 EZ Mode 3-3 3.2.2 Advanced Mode 3-4 3.3 My Favorites 3-6 3.4 Main menu 3-7 3.5 Extreme Tweaker menu 3-9 3.6 Advanced menu 3-28 3.6.1 CPU Configuration 3-29 3.6.2 PCH Configuration 3-32 3.6.3 PCH Storage Configuration 3-33 3.6.4 System Agent Configuration 3-35...42 3.6.10 ROG Effects 3-42 3.7 Monitor menu 3-43 3.8 Boot menu 3-47 3.9 Tool menu 3-53 3.10 Exit menu 3-55 3.11 Updating BIOS 3-56 3.11.1 EZ Update 3-56 3.11.2 ASUS EZ Flash 2 3-57 3.11.3 ASUS CrashFree BIOS 3 3-58 3.11.4 ASUS BIOS ...
User Guide
Page 5
...+ Wi-Fi Engine Wi-Fi GO! and Remote GO' ASUS Media Streamer 4.6 ROG Audio features Sonic Studio Sonic SenseAmp Sonic SoundStage DTS Connect 4.7 Sonic Radar II 4.8 GameFirst III 4.9 KeyBot 4.10 ASUS Disk Unlocker 4.11 RAMDisk 4.12 MemTweakIt 4.13 ROG CPU-Z... 4.14 ROG Connect 4-1 4-1 4-1 4-3 4-4 4-4 4-7 4-7 4-8 4-10 4-11 4-13 4-14 4-17 4-18 4-19 4-21 4-22 4-23 4-26 4-27 4-29 4-39 ...
...+ Wi-Fi Engine Wi-Fi GO! and Remote GO' ASUS Media Streamer 4.6 ROG Audio features Sonic Studio Sonic SenseAmp Sonic SoundStage DTS Connect 4.7 Sonic Radar II 4.8 GameFirst III 4.9 KeyBot 4.10 ASUS Disk Unlocker 4.11 RAMDisk 4.12 MemTweakIt 4.13 ROG CPU-Z... 4.14 ROG Connect 4-1 4-1 4-1 4-3 4-4 4-4 4-7 4-7 4-8 4-10 4-11 4-13 4-14 4-17 4-18 4-19 4-21 4-22 4-23 4-26 4-27 4-29 4-39 ...
User Guide
Page 10
... 4 x PCIe 3.0/2.0 x16 slots (supports x16, x16/x16, x16/x8/x8, or x16/x8/x8/x8 mode with 40-Lane CPU; RAMPAGE V EXTREME specifications summary emory Expansion Slots Multi-GPU Technology Storage New Inter Core, i7 Processors on LGA 2011-v3 socket Supports 22nm CPU Supports Intel®... drives only. If x8 mode is occupied by an X1 or X2 device, the SATAEXPRESS_E1 will be disabled. Intel° X99 Express Chipset with RAID 0, 1, 5, 10, and Intel Rapid Storage Technology 13 support: - 1 x SATA Express port (red@bottom, compatible with 2 x SATA 6.0 Gb/s ports) - 1 x M.2 Socket 3 with 28-Lane ...
... 4 x PCIe 3.0/2.0 x16 slots (supports x16, x16/x16, x16/x8/x8, or x16/x8/x8/x8 mode with 40-Lane CPU; RAMPAGE V EXTREME specifications summary emory Expansion Slots Multi-GPU Technology Storage New Inter Core, i7 Processors on LGA 2011-v3 socket Supports 22nm CPU Supports Intel®... drives only. If x8 mode is occupied by an X1 or X2 device, the SATAEXPRESS_E1 will be disabled. Intel° X99 Express Chipset with RAID 0, 1, 5, 10, and Intel Rapid Storage Technology 13 support: - 1 x SATA Express port (red@bottom, compatible with 2 x SATA 6.0 Gb/s ports) - 1 x M.2 Socket 3 with 28-Lane ...
User Guide
Page 11
... ROG SupremeFX 2014 8-Channel High Definition Audio CODEC - Jack-detection, Multi-streaming, and Front Panel Jack-retasking - Sonic SenseAmp - Sonic Radar II - RAMPAGE V EXTREME specifications summary Wireless / Bluetooth SupremeFX High Definition Audio USB Back Panel I/O Ports Inter 1218-V Gigabit LAN- DTS Connect Intel° X99 Express Chipset -... Full Rate lossless DVD Audio, Blu-ray DVD, and HD-DVD audio content playback - Content Protection for ROG Connect) 10 x USB 3.0 ports [blue] 1 x Anti-surge LAN (RJ45) port 1 x ASUS Wi-Fi GO! Sonic SoundStage - Sonic Studio -
... ROG SupremeFX 2014 8-Channel High Definition Audio CODEC - Jack-detection, Multi-streaming, and Front Panel Jack-retasking - Sonic SenseAmp - Sonic Radar II - RAMPAGE V EXTREME specifications summary Wireless / Bluetooth SupremeFX High Definition Audio USB Back Panel I/O Ports Inter 1218-V Gigabit LAN- DTS Connect Intel° X99 Express Chipset -... Full Rate lossless DVD Audio, Blu-ray DVD, and HD-DVD audio content playback - Content Protection for ROG Connect) 10 x USB 3.0 ports [blue] 1 x Anti-surge LAN (RJ45) port 1 x ASUS Wi-Fi GO! Sonic SoundStage - Sonic Studio -
User Guide
Page 12
RAMPAGE V EXTREME specifications summary Internal I/O Connectors Form Factor BIOS Features Manageability 2 x USB 3.0 connectors...connector Extended ATX Form Factor, 12-inch x 10.7-inch (30.5cm x 27.2 cm) 2 x 128 Mb Flash ROM, UEFI AMI BIOS, PnP, DMI2.7, WfM2.0, SM BIOS 2.8, ACPI 5.0, Multi-language BIOS, ASUS EZ Flash 2, CrashFree BIOS 3, Fl1 EZ Tuning... Wizard, F6 Qfan Control, F3 My Favorites, Quick Note, Last Modified log, F12 PrintScreen, F3 Shortcut functions, and ASUS DRAM SPD (Serial Presence Detect) memory information. WfM2.0, DMI2.7, WOL by PME, PXE (continued on button 1 x Reset...
RAMPAGE V EXTREME specifications summary Internal I/O Connectors Form Factor BIOS Features Manageability 2 x USB 3.0 connectors...connector Extended ATX Form Factor, 12-inch x 10.7-inch (30.5cm x 27.2 cm) 2 x 128 Mb Flash ROM, UEFI AMI BIOS, PnP, DMI2.7, WfM2.0, SM BIOS 2.8, ACPI 5.0, Multi-language BIOS, ASUS EZ Flash 2, CrashFree BIOS 3, Fl1 EZ Tuning... Wizard, F6 Qfan Control, F3 My Favorites, Quick Note, Last Modified log, F12 PrintScreen, F3 Shortcut functions, and ASUS DRAM SPD (Serial Presence Detect) memory information. WfM2.0, DMI2.7, WOL by PME, PXE (continued on button 1 x Reset...
User Guide
Page 19
... Quad-Channel DDR4 Support The motherboard supports the quad-channel DDR4 memory that supports the LGA2011-v3 socket for Intel® Goren" i7 processors. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-1 Total bandwidth for a x16 link reaches a maximum of 32Gb/s, double the 16Gb/s of 3D graphics, multimedia, and Internet applications. PCIe ... family This motherboard supports Intel® CoreTM i7 processors in x16 mode. It natively supports up to catch up with up to 10 Gb/s allowing your OS and apps launch as fast as possible. PCIe 3.0 provides you the ultimate gaming experience. Intel® X99...
... Quad-Channel DDR4 Support The motherboard supports the quad-channel DDR4 memory that supports the LGA2011-v3 socket for Intel® Goren" i7 processors. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-1 Total bandwidth for a x16 link reaches a maximum of 32Gb/s, double the 16Gb/s of 3D graphics, multimedia, and Internet applications. PCIe ... family This motherboard supports Intel® CoreTM i7 processors in x16 mode. It natively supports up to catch up with up to 10 Gb/s allowing your OS and apps launch as fast as possible. PCIe 3.0 provides you the ultimate gaming experience. Intel® X99...
User Guide
Page 27
...KeyBot button (KEYBOT) 21 BIOS Switch button (BIOS_SWITCH) 22 System panel connector (20-8 pin PANEL) 23 Thunderbolt header (5-pin TB_HEADER) 24 USB 2.0 connector (10-1 pin USB91112, USB 1314) 25 ROG Extension connector (18-1 pin ROG_EXT) 26 SOUNDSTAGE button (SOUNDSTAGE) 27 TPM connector (20-1 pin TPM) 28 Front... panel audio connector (10-1 pin AAFP) 29 ROG Logo LED connector (3-pin) Page 1-11 1-10 1-42 1-37 1-25 1-38 1-28 1-21 1-34 1-21 1-26 1-24 1-23 1-22 1-45 1-37 1-41 1-35 1-36 1-25 1-23 1-43 1-41 1-38 1-36 1-24 1-40 1-40 1-44 ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-9
...KeyBot button (KEYBOT) 21 BIOS Switch button (BIOS_SWITCH) 22 System panel connector (20-8 pin PANEL) 23 Thunderbolt header (5-pin TB_HEADER) 24 USB 2.0 connector (10-1 pin USB91112, USB 1314) 25 ROG Extension connector (18-1 pin ROG_EXT) 26 SOUNDSTAGE button (SOUNDSTAGE) 27 TPM connector (20-1 pin TPM) 28 Front... panel audio connector (10-1 pin AAFP) 29 ROG Logo LED connector (3-pin) Page 1-11 1-10 1-42 1-37 1-25 1-38 1-28 1-21 1-34 1-21 1-26 1-24 1-23 1-22 1-45 1-37 1-41 1-35 1-36 1-25 1-23 1-43 1-41 1-38 1-36 1-24 1-40 1-40 1-44 ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-9
User Guide
Page 28
... the PnP cap/socket contacts/motherboard components. RD '1::1:1' 0 AMC I=C 0 w I 'DO L ED uu Eno LEEEEnfo°591M__ImmEmEol =not RAMPAGE V EXTREME CPU LGA2011-v3 Socket Ensure that all power cables are unplugged before installing the CPU. • Upon purchase of the motherboard, ensure that the... only if the damage is shipment/ transit-related. • Keep the cap after installing the motherboard. ASUS will shoulder the cost of the PnP cap. 1-10 Chapter 1: Product introduction 1.2.3 Central Processing Unit (CPU) The motherboard comes with the cap on the socket...
... the PnP cap/socket contacts/motherboard components. RD '1::1:1' 0 AMC I=C 0 w I 'DO L ED uu Eno LEEEEnfo°591M__ImmEmEol =not RAMPAGE V EXTREME CPU LGA2011-v3 Socket Ensure that all power cables are unplugged before installing the CPU. • Upon purchase of the motherboard, ensure that the... only if the damage is shipment/ transit-related. • Keep the cap after installing the motherboard. ASUS will shoulder the cost of the PnP cap. 1-10 Chapter 1: Product introduction 1.2.3 Central Processing Unit (CPU) The motherboard comes with the cap on the socket...
User Guide
Page 40
...function under Windows® OS environment. • During the tuning process, the system loads and tests failsafe memory settings. It takes about 5-10 seconds. • If your system fails to boot up when the DIMM is the DRAM_LED lighting continuously. To stop memory tuning, turn off ... Installing DIMMs that can help lead to the latest BIOS version from www.asus.com after the tuning process is tested. NOE MemOK! via IzQ , Eun MOW% V EXITIEWIZC Da ito ,I nami:o=olia=mrarommo anatook, RAMPAGE V EXTREME MemOK! Turn off the computer and unplug the power cord for about 30...
...function under Windows® OS environment. • During the tuning process, the system loads and tests failsafe memory settings. It takes about 5-10 seconds. • If your system fails to boot up when the DIMM is the DRAM_LED lighting continuously. To stop memory tuning, turn off ... Installing DIMMs that can help lead to the latest BIOS version from www.asus.com after the tuning process is tested. NOE MemOK! via IzQ , Eun MOW% V EXITIEWIZC Da ito ,I nami:o=olia=mrarommo anatook, RAMPAGE V EXTREME MemOK! Turn off the computer and unplug the power cord for about 30...
User Guide
Page 44
...transitioning over to maintain stability at their highest frequency. SLOW_MODE Disabled Enabled 7 (Default) I I❑O E L E =02l= 1=1=7= MEM EMEZOt RAMPAGE V EXTREME Slow Mode switch 1-26 Chapter 1: Product introduction Some processors have a small optimum temperature range to boot into the OS at much colder or .... At lower frequencies, the CPU's temperature tolerance increases. It will however remain stable at lower frequencies at cold temperatures. 10. Switching over to a light load, when the temperature does not warm fast enough, it comes out of crashes, even...
...transitioning over to maintain stability at their highest frequency. SLOW_MODE Disabled Enabled 7 (Default) I I❑O E L E =02l= 1=1=7= MEM EMEZOt RAMPAGE V EXTREME Slow Mode switch 1-26 Chapter 1: Product introduction Some processors have a small optimum temperature range to boot into the OS at much colder or .... At lower frequencies, the CPU's temperature tolerance increases. It will however remain stable at lower frequencies at cold temperatures. 10. Switching over to a light load, when the temperature does not warm fast enough, it comes out of crashes, even...
User Guide
Page 47
OD Reserved for future AMI SEC error codes OE Microcode not found OF Microcode not loaded 10 PEI Core is started 11 -14 Pre-memory CPU initialization is started 15 -18 Pre-memory System Agent initialization is started ...Memory initialization error. Invalid memory type or incompatible memory speed (continued on . IQ 00 Not used .0 U 01 Power on the next page) ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-29 Reset type detection (soft/hard). 02 AP initialization before microcode loading 03 System Agent initialization before microcode loading 04 PCH initialization before microcode ...
OD Reserved for future AMI SEC error codes OE Microcode not found OF Microcode not loaded 10 PEI Core is started 11 -14 Pre-memory CPU initialization is started 15 -18 Pre-memory System Agent initialization is started ...Memory initialization error. Invalid memory type or incompatible memory speed (continued on . IQ 00 Not used .0 U 01 Power on the next page) ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-29 Reset type detection (soft/hard). 02 AP initialization before microcode loading 03 System Agent initialization before microcode loading 04 PCH initialization before microcode ...
User Guide
Page 53
... OND IISATAJIXN0 PAGIAJGO29 OND OND FISATA_TXPIO IISMA_TXN10 GND PSATUTOGO GSATAPX1.10 OND - Refer to the PCH Storage Configuration section for details. • Before creating a RAID array, refer to Serial ATA 6 Gb/s hard disk drives via Serial ATA 6 Gb/s signal cables. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-35 RAMPAGE V EXTREME Intel® SATA 6 Gb/s connectors SATA6G_5 SATA6G_6 OND IIGATA_TXP5 RSAGUIENS...
... OND IISATAJIXN0 PAGIAJGO29 OND OND FISATA_TXPIO IISMA_TXN10 GND PSATUTOGO GSATAPX1.10 OND - Refer to the PCH Storage Configuration section for details. • Before creating a RAID array, refer to Serial ATA 6 Gb/s hard disk drives via Serial ATA 6 Gb/s signal cables. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-35 RAMPAGE V EXTREME Intel® SATA 6 Gb/s connectors SATA6G_5 SATA6G_6 OND IIGATA_TXP5 RSAGUIENS...
User Guide
Page 56
... the ASUS Q-Connector (USB) first, and then install the Q-Connector (USB) to 480 Mbps connection speed. 1E= 0 f= 0 0 /NM O ,c) Lu Er OUSB1314 PIN 1 - 1 - 1 . Doing so will damage the motherboard! Connect the USB module cable to any of the system chassis. Ptg RAMPAGE V EXTREME USB2.0... connectors zo OUSB1112 PIN 1 Never connect a 1394 cable to a slot opening at the back of these connectors, then install the module to the USB connectors. USB 2.0 connectors (10-1 pin USB1112; USB1314) r-F These connectors are...
... the ASUS Q-Connector (USB) first, and then install the Q-Connector (USB) to 480 Mbps connection speed. 1E= 0 f= 0 0 /NM O ,c) Lu Er OUSB1314 PIN 1 - 1 - 1 . Doing so will damage the motherboard! Connect the USB module cable to any of the system chassis. Ptg RAMPAGE V EXTREME USB2.0... connectors zo OUSB1112 PIN 1 Never connect a 1394 cable to a slot opening at the back of these connectors, then install the module to the USB connectors. USB 2.0 connectors (10-1 pin USB1112; USB1314) r-F These connectors are...
User Guide
Page 58
... passwords and data. E u MP= u CJ • • • Eg c2H,A, TPM zcls:Lk, (z73e:5 ,.Zz m •=• RAMPAGE V EXTREME TPM connector 1-40 Chapter 1: Product introduction By default, this connector. Connect one end of the motherboard's high-definition audio capability. • If you want to... connect a high-definition front panel audio module to this connector, set to [AC97]. 8. Front panel audio connector (10-1 pin AAFP) This connector is set the item to [HD]. 9. A TPM system also helps enhance the network security, protects digital ...
... passwords and data. E u MP= u CJ • • • Eg c2H,A, TPM zcls:Lk, (z73e:5 ,.Zz m •=• RAMPAGE V EXTREME TPM connector 1-40 Chapter 1: Product introduction By default, this connector. Connect one end of the motherboard's high-definition audio capability. • If you want to... connect a high-definition front panel audio module to this connector, set to [AC97]. 8. Front panel audio connector (10-1 pin AAFP) This connector is set the item to [HD]. 9. A TPM system also helps enhance the network security, protects digital ...
User Guide
Page 59
... Intel's Thunderbolt a Technology, allowing you to connect up to six Thunderbolt-enabled devices and a CU DisplayPort-enabled display in a daisy-chain configuration. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-41 U CI= 'Nur J TB_HEADER H -7177 21111 Izo ID() LE 1=10. 11 EE =t === mmozd RAMPAGE V EXTREME TB_HEADER connector 11. Thunderbolt header (5-pin TB_HEADER) CD This connector is occupied, the M.2 will be disabled...
... Intel's Thunderbolt a Technology, allowing you to connect up to six Thunderbolt-enabled devices and a CU DisplayPort-enabled display in a daisy-chain configuration. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-41 U CI= 'Nur J TB_HEADER H -7177 21111 Izo ID() LE 1=10. 11 EE =t === mmozd RAMPAGE V EXTREME TB_HEADER connector 11. Thunderbolt header (5-pin TB_HEADER) CD This connector is occupied, the M.2 will be disabled...
User Guide
Page 63
.... 0 CD 0 00 The illustration above are for reference only, the actual motherboard layout and measure points location may differ by models. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-45 Ifs See the illustration below to locate the respective Probelt points. .0 U El= T u GND O VIN El CORE El CACHE... * SA ▪ RAM_AB ▪ RAM_CD ▪ PCH ▪ PCHJO un u RAMPAGE V EXTREME Probelt Using Probelt You can connect the multimeter to measure the Probelt points even during overclocking. 1.2.10 Probelt The ROG Probelt allows you to detect your system's current voltage and OC settings.
.... 0 CD 0 00 The illustration above are for reference only, the actual motherboard layout and measure points location may differ by models. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 1-45 Ifs See the illustration below to locate the respective Probelt points. .0 U El= T u GND O VIN El CORE El CACHE... * SA ▪ RAM_AB ▪ RAM_CD ▪ PCH ▪ PCHJO un u RAMPAGE V EXTREME Probelt Using Probelt You can connect the multimeter to measure the Probelt points even during overclocking. 1.2.10 Probelt The ROG Probelt allows you to detect your system's current voltage and OC settings.
User Guide
Page 65
Install the ASUS Q-Shield to the chassis' rear I /O panel. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 2-1 The motherboard layout may vary with N models, but the installation steps are for all models. +CaT, 1. a 10 U o k7a0o0g700,o0,og,,00,00g40no0olLi60oOo000i0. Place the motherboard into the chassis ensuring that its rear I/O ports are aligned to the chassis rear I /O panel. Basic installation 2.1 2.1.1 Building your PC system Motherboard installation The diagrams in this section are the same for reference only. tosogsosoossso9, c oo 8 a CD 2.
Install the ASUS Q-Shield to the chassis' rear I /O panel. ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 2-1 The motherboard layout may vary with N models, but the installation steps are for all models. +CaT, 1. a 10 U o k7a0o0g700,o0,og,,00,00g40no0olLi60oOo000i0. Place the motherboard into the chassis ensuring that its rear I/O ports are aligned to the chassis rear I /O panel. Basic installation 2.1 2.1.1 Building your PC system Motherboard installation The diagrams in this section are the same for reference only. tosogsosoossso9, c oo 8 a CD 2.
User Guide
Page 67
2.1.2 CPU installation Ensure that you install the correct CPU designed for LGA1150, LGA1155, and LGA1156 sockets on the LGA2011-v3 socket. 0 0 O O 0 O O N O 0 Triangle mark CT, a 10 U 0 0 0 air Load lever B 10 O O O O 0 O O O O 0 O O O O ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 2-3 DO NOT install a CPU designed for LGA2011-v3 socket only.
2.1.2 CPU installation Ensure that you install the correct CPU designed for LGA1150, LGA1155, and LGA1156 sockets on the LGA2011-v3 socket. 0 0 O O 0 O O N O 0 Triangle mark CT, a 10 U 0 0 0 air Load lever B 10 O O O O 0 O O O O 0 O O O O ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 2-3 DO NOT install a CPU designed for LGA2011-v3 socket only.
User Guide
Page 73
ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 2-9 2.1.5 0 ATX Power connection 0 N +CaT, a 10 = U OR II1YTI I I OR ...> ....
ASUS RAMPAGE V EXTREME 2-9 2.1.5 0 ATX Power connection 0 N +CaT, a 10 = U OR II1YTI I I OR ...> ....